Potassium dichromate home ICD10: L23.9

Potassium dichromate

Formula CAS
Cr2K2O7 7778-50-9



Background
Chrome is a steel-gray, lustrous metal used in the manufacture of chrome-steel or chrome-nickel-steel alloys (stainless steel) to increase resistance and durability of other metals. It is the fourth most common material in the earth's crust and the most common cause of occupationally induced allergic contact dermatitis, particularly in men. It has been used to prepare chromic acid for cleaning glassware and etching materials. It is used as an ingredient in cement in which it retards the setting of the mixture and improves its density and texture. This usage commonly causes contact dermatitis in construction workers. It is used in photography as an oxidizing agent.


Synonyms
Chromate
Chrome
Chromite
Chromium
Potassium bichromate
Potassium dichromate

Uses
Automotive industry
Cement
Ceramics
Corrosion protective in antifreeze, oils, paints, etc.
Cosmetics (chromium oxide pigment in mascara and eyeshadow)
Detergents and bleaches (not a significant risk to the consumer)
Electric batteries
Electroplating
Engraving and lithography
Floor waxes
Fireworks (pyrotechnics)
Foundries (added to sand for bricks)
Glues and adhesives
Metalurgy (alloys)
Milk testing
Office (blueprints, photocopy paper, inks)
Paints
Photography (color developing)
Safety matches
Shoe polishes
Tanned leather
Tattoos
Television manufacturing
Textiles - printing and dying (military green)
Welding
Wood preservatives

Cross-Reactions


Unusual Reactions
Airborne contact dermatitis


patientenfolder


References
1. Shanon J. Pseudo-atopic dermatitis. Contact dermatitis due to chrome sensitivity simulating atopic dermatitis. Dermatologica 1965;131(3):176-190.
2. Cohen HA. The role of carrier in sensitivity to chromium and cobalt. Archives of Dermatology 1976;112(1):37-39.
3. Rudzki E. et al. Patch tests with potassium dichromate removed after 24 and 48 hours. Contact Dermatitis 1976;2(6):309-310.
4. Veien NK, Kaaber K. Latent metal hypersensitivity among patients with pompholyx. Contact Dermatitis 1976;2(6):361.
5. Rycroft RJ, Calnan CD. Chromate dermatitis from a boiler lining. Contact Dermatitis 1977;3(4):198-200.
6. Menne T, Bachmann E. Permanent disability from hand dermatitis in females sensitive to nickel, chromium and cobalt. Dermatosen in Beruf und Umwelt. Occupational & Environmental Dermatoses 1979;27(5):129-135.
7. Veien NK, Kaaber K. Nickel, cobalt and chromium sensitivity in patients with pompholyx (dyshidrotic eczema). Contact Dermatitis 1979;5(6):371-374.
8. Angelini G, Vena GA, Meneghini CL. Shoe contact dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 1980;6(4):279-383.
9. Dornan JD. Occupational dermatoses amongst chrome platers in the Sheffield area 1977-80. Contact Dermatitis 1981;7(6):354-355.
10. Peltonen L, Fraki J. Prevalence of dichromate sensitivity. Contact Dermatitis 1983;9(3):190-194.
11. Barber KA, Cronin E. Patch and photopatch testing in chronic actinic dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 1984;10(2):69-73.
12. Lantinga H, Nater JP, Coenraads PJ. Prevalence, incidence and course of eczema on the hands and forearms in a sample of the general population. Contact Dermatitis 1984;10(3):135-139.
13. Valsecchi R, Cainelli T. Chromium dermatitis and ascorbic acid. Contact Dermatitis 1984;10(4):252-253.
14. van Ketel WG. Low incidence of occupational dermatitis from chromate. Contact Dermatitis 1984;10(4):249.
15. Bruynzeel DP, Hennipman G, van Ketel WG, Irritant contact dermatitis and chrome-passivated metal. Contact Dermatitis 1988;19(3):175-179.
16. Decaestecker AM. et al. Hypersensitivity to dichromate among asymptomatic workers in a chromate pigment factory. Contact Dermatitis 1990;23(1):52-53.
17. Massone L. et al. Positive patch test reactions to nickel, cobalt, and potassium dichromate in a series of 576 patients. Cutis 1991;47(2):119-122.
18. Saha M. et al. Footwear dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 1993;28(5):260-264.
19. Dotterud LK, Falk ES. Metal allergy in north Norwegian schoolchildren and its relationship with ear piercing and atopy. Contact Dermatitis 1994;31(5):308-313.
20. Veien NK. et al. Stomatitis or systemically-induced contact dermatitis from metal wire in orthodontic materials. Contact Dermatitis 1994;30(4):210-213.
21. Vilaplana J, Romaguera C, Cornellana F. Contact dermatitis and adverse oral mucous membrane reactions related to the use of dental prostheses. Contact Dermatitis 1994;30(2):80-84.


Author(s):
dr. Jan R. Mekkes. Dermatologist, Amsterdam UMC.

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