Palladium chloride home ICD10: L23.9

Palladium chloride
Formule CAS
PdCl2 7647-10-1



Background
Palladium belongs with rhodium, ruthenium, iridium, and osmium to the platinum group of metals. These elements have considerable corrosion resistance and are considered precious metals. Because of its relatively low cost, palladium is one of the most used precious metals. Palladium occurs in nature alloyed with platinum, gold, and as selenide. Palladium is a good electrical and heat conductor. Dental gold, silver, and copper alloys may contain 10% of palladium, whereas white gold for fine jewelry may contain even 20%. Vincenzi et al. patch-tested 2300 consecutive patients with paladium chloride. One hundred seventy one (7.4%) were allergic and 169 were also nickel-allergic. One hundred and fifty-six of the 171 patients were female. Wahlberg and Boman showed that palladium was a more potent sensitizer than nickel in guinea pigs.

Synonyms
Palladium chloride
Palladous chloride

Uses
Amplifiers
Catalyst in jewellery
Computer circuits
Dental alloys
Electrical switches and relays
Electroplating
Clocks and watches
Photography, for preparing pictures to be transfered to porcelain

Cross-Reactions

Unusual Reactions

Back to list of contact allergens


Referenties
1. van Ketel, W.G. and C. Niebber, Allergy to palladium in dental alloys. Contact Dermatitis, 1981. 7(6): p. 331.
2. Mobacken, H., et al., Oral lichen planus: hypersensitivity to dental restoration material. Contact Dermatitis, 1984. 10(1): p. 11-5.
3. van Loon, L.A., et al., Contact stomatitis and dermatitis to nickel and palladium. Contact Dermatitis, 1984. 11(5): p. 294-7.
4. Castelain, P.Y. and M. Castelain, Contact dermatitis to palladium. Contact Dermatitis, 1987. 16(1): p. 46.
5. Guerra, L., et al., Sensitization to palladium. Contact Dermatitis, 1988. 19(4): p. 306-7.
6. Camarasa, J.G., et al., Recent unexplained patch test reactions to palladium. Contact Dermatitis, 1989. 20(5): p. 388-9.
7. Downey, D., Contact mucositis due to palladium. Contact Dermatitis, 1989. 21(1): p. 54.
8. Rebandel, P. and E. Rudzki, Allergy to palladium. Contact Dermatitis, 1990. 23(2): p. 121-2.
9. van Joost, T. and I.D. Roesyanto-Mahadi, Combined sensitization to palladium and nickel. [Review]. Contact Dermatitis, 1990. 22(4): p. 227-8.
10. Camarasa, J.G., et al., Palladium contact sensitivity. Contact Dermatitis, 1991. 24(5): p. 370-1.
11. Hackel, H., et al., Unusual combined sensitization to palladium and other metals. Contact Dermatitis, 1991. 24(2): p. 131-2.
12. de Fine Olivarius, F. and T. Menne, Contact dermatitis from metallic palladium in patients reacting to palladium chloride. Contact Dermatitis, 1992. 27(2): p. 71-3.
13. Todd, D.J. and D. Burrows, Patch testing with pure palladium metal in patients with sensitivity to palladium chloride. Contact Dermatitis, 1992. 26(5): p. 327-31.
14. Wahlberg, J.E. and A.S. Boman, Cross-reactivity to palladium and nickel studied in the guinea pig. Acta Dermato-Venereologica, 1992. 72(2): p. 95-7.
15. Aberer, W., et al., Palladium in dental alloys--the dermatologists' responsibility to warn?. Contact Dermatitis, 1993. 28(3): p. 163-5.
16. Liden, C. and J.E. Wahlberg, Cross-reactivity to metal compounds studied in guinea pigs induced with chromate or cobalt. Acta Dermato-Venereologica, 1994. 74(5): p. 341-3.
17. Vilaplana, J., C. Romaguera, and F. Cornellana, Contact dermatitis and adverse oral mucous membrane reactions related to the use of dental prostheses. Contact Dermatitis, 1994. 30(2): p. 80-4.
18. Vincenzi, C., et al., Contact dermatitis to palladium: A study of 2,300 patients. American Journal of Contact Dermatitis, 1995. 6(2): p. 110-112.


Author(s):
dr. Jan R. Mekkes. Dermatologist, Amsterdam UMC.

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