Methyl(chloro)isothiazolinone (Kathon CG) home ICD10: L23.9


Formula CAS
  26172-55-4



Background
Cl+Me-isothiazolinone (MCI/MI) is a combination of 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 5-Chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one. These isothiazolinones are frequently combined as a broad spectrum preservative. A recent Danish study (Nielsen) found MCI/MI registered in 523 products. The most frequently registered products were paints, hair shampoos, skin care products, and cleaning agents. The typical concentration was below 0.0035% (35 ppm). The isothiazolinone preservatives include: 2-n-Octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, and 5-Chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one.

Synonyms
5-Chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one + 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 3:1 in aqua
Acticide
Algucid CH50
Amerstat 250
Euxyl K 100
Cl+Me-isothiazolinone
Fennosan IT 21
Grotan K
Grotan TK2
GR 856
Izolin
Kathon 886 MW
Kathon CG
Kathon DP
Kathon LX
Kathon UT
Kathon WT
MCI/MI
Mergal K7
Metat GT
Metatin GT
Methylchloroisothiazolinone/Methylisothiazolinone
Mitco CC 32 L
Paretol
Parmetol DF 35, -DF 12, -A23, -K50, -K40, -DF 18
P3 Multan D
Piror P109
Special Mx 323

Uses
Adhesives/glues
Binders
Bubble baths
Cleaning agents
Cooling tower water
Cosmetics, especially shampoos
Curing agents
Detergents
Fabric softeners
Fillings
Hair and body gels
Household cleaning products
Jet fuels
Latex emulsions
Mascaras
Metalworking fluids
Milk sampling
Moist toilet paper
Oil and cooling fluids
Paints
Pesticides
Sanitation products
Pigments
Polishes
Preservatives
Printing inks
Radiography
Shampoos
Slime control in paper mills
Soaps

Cross-Reactions

Unusual Reactions Airborne

Back to list of contact allergens


Referenties
1. de Groot, A.C., D.H. Liem, and J.W. Weyland, Kathon CG: cosmetic allergy and patch test sensitization. Contact Dermatitis, 1985. 12(2): p. 76-80.
2. Bjorkner, B., et al., Contact allergy to the preservative Kathon CG. Contact Dermatitis, 1986. 14(2): p. 85-90.
3. Gruvberger, B., et al., Demonstration of Kathon CG in some commercial products. Contact Dermatitis, 1986. 15(1): p. 24-7.
4. Hannuksela, M., Rapid increase in contact allergy to Kathon CG in Finland. Contact Dermatitis, 1986. 15(4): p. 211-4.
5. Hjorth, N. and J. Roed-Petersen, Patch test sensitivity to Kathon CG. Contact Dermatitis, 1986, 14(3): p. 155-7.
6. Husz, S. and N. Simon, Epicutaneous patch test with the preservative Kathon CG. Contact Dermatitis, 1986. 15(4): p. 245.
7. Lewis, P.G., Contact allergy to the preservative Kathon CG [letter]. Contact Dermatitis, 1986. 14(3): p. 198-200.
8. Maibach, H.I., Diagnostic patch test concentration for Kathon CG. Contact Dermatitis, 1985. 13(4): p. 242-5.
9. Grattan, C.E., R.R. Harman, and R.S. Tan, Milk recorder dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis, 1986. 14(4): p. 217-20.
10. Pilger, C., J.R. Nethercott, and F. Weksberg, Allergic contact dermatitis due to a biocide containing 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one. Contact Dermatitis, 1986. 14(4): p. 201-4.
11. Tosti, A., P. Manuzzi, and M.P. de Padova, Contact dermatitis to Kathon CG. Contact Dermatitis, 1986. 14(5): p. 326-7.
12. Bruze, M., et al., Contact allergy to the active ingredients of Kathon CG. Contact Dermatitis, 1987. 16(4): p. 183-8.
13. Bruze, M., et al., Contact allergy to the active ingredients of Kathon CG in the guinea pig. Acta Dermato-Venereologica, 1987. 67(4): p. 315-20.
14. de Groot, A.C. and D.P. Bruynzeel, Kathon CG [letter]. Contact Dermatitis, 1987. 17(3): p. 189-90.
15. Meneghini, C.L., G. Angelini, and G.A. Vena, Contact allergy to Kathon CG. Contact Dermatitis, 1987. 17(4): p. 247-9.
16. Schwartz, S.R., et al., Human safety study of body lotion containing Kathon CG. Contact Dermatitis, 1987. 16(4): p. 203-7.
17. Cronin, E., et al., Frequency of sensitisation to the preservative Kathon CG. Contact Dermatitis, 1988. 18(5): p. 274-9.
18. de Groot, A.C., C.G. Barella, and J.M. Conemans, Risk of sensitization to Kathon CG [letter]. Contact Dermatitis, 1988. 19(3): p. 210-4.
19. de Groot, A.C. and J.W. Weyland, Kathon CG: a review. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 1988. 18(2 Pt 1): p. 350-8.
20. Fransway, A.F., Sensitivity to Kathon CG: findings in 365 consecutive patients. Contact Dermatitis, 1988. 19(5): p. 342-7.
21. Herzog, J., et al., Milk tester's dermatitis. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 1988. 19(3): p. 503-8.
22. Marston, S., Kathon CG in cosmetics. Contact Dermatitis, 1988. 18(1): p. 58-9.
23. Massarotti, S. and F.A. Fairweather, Kathon CG as a sensitizer [letter]. Contact Dermatitis, 1988. 19(3): p. 215-6.
24. Menne, T. and N. Hjorth, Kathon CG reactivity in 1396 consecutively patch tested patients in the Copenhagen area. Contact Dermatitis, 1988. 19(4): p. 260-2.
25. Rastogi, S.C., Kathon CG content in cosmetic products. Contact Dermatitis, 1988. 19(4): p. 263.
26. Tosti, A., Prevalence and sources of Kathon CG sensitization in Italy. Contact Dermatitis, 1988. 18(3): p. 173-4.
27. Bruze, M. and G. Assennato, Risk of sensitization to Kathon CG [letter]. Contact Dermatitis, 1989. 20(1): p. 76-9.
28. Bruze, M. and B. Gruvberger, Patch testing with degradation products of Kathon CG. Contact Dermatitis, 1989. 21(2): p. 124-5.
29. Minet, A., et al., Allergic contact dermatitis from Kathon CG in moist toilet paper. Contact Dermatitis, 1989. 21(2): p. 107-8.
30. Pasche, F. and N. Hunziker, Sensitization to Kathon CG in Geneva and Switzerland. Contact Dermatitis, 1989. 20(2): p. 115-9.
31. Cox, N.H. and S. Shuster, Risk of sensitisation to Kathon. Contact Dermatitis, 1988. 18(1): p. 54-5.
32. Madden, S.D., D.M. Thiboutot, and J.G. Marks, Jr., Occupationally induced allergic contact dermatitis to methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone among machinists. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 1994. 30(2 Pt 1): p. 272-4.
33. Aberer, W., E. Reiter, and G. Gailhofer, Pitfalls in patch testing: problems with rather than from Kathon CG. Contact Dermatitis, 1990. 23(5): p. 380-1.
34. Aguirre Martin-Falero, A., M.J. Calderon Gutierrez, and J.L. Diaz-Perez, Contact allergy to the preservative Kathon CG. Contact Dermatitis, 1990. 22(3): p. 185.
35. Bruze, M., B. Gruvberger, and E. Hradil, Occupational allergic contact dermatitis due to methylisothiazolinones in a cleansing cream. Contact Dermatitis, 1990. 22(4): p. 235-7.
36. de Groot, A.C., Water versus petrolatum as vehicle for patch testing methylisothiazolinone + methylchloroisothiazolinone (Kathon CG). Contact Dermatitis, 1990. 22(5): p. 300-1
37. Dooms-Goossens, A., et al., A patient bothered by unexpected sources of isothiazolinones. Contact Dermatitis, 1990. 23(3): p. 192-3.
38. Foussereau, J., An epidemiological study of contact allergy to 5-chloro-3-methyl isothiazolone/3-methyl isothiazolone in Strasbourg. Contact Dermatitis, 1990. 22(2): p. 68-70.
39. Hasson, A., D. Guimaraens, and L. Conde-Salazar, Patch test sensitivity to the preservative Kathon CG in Spain. Contact Dermatitis, 1990. 22(5): p. 257-61
40. Machackova, J., J. Kalensky, and A. Vocilkova, Patch test sensitivity to Kathon CG in Prague. Contact Dermatitis, 1990. 22(3): p. 189-91.
41. Rastogi, S.C., Kathon CG and cosmetic products [see comments]. Contact Dermatitis, 1990. 22(3): p. 155-60.
42. Rietschel, R.L., et al., Methylchloroisothiazolinone-methylisothiazolinone reactions in patients screened for vehicle and preservative hypersensitivity. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 1990. 22(5 Pt 1): p. 734-8.
43. de Groot, A.C., Kathon CG and cosmetic products [letter; comment]. Contact Dermatitis, 1990. 23(3): p. 206-7.
44. Farm, G. and J.E. Wahlberg, Isothiazolinones (MCI/MI): 200 ppm versus 100 ppm in the standard series. Contact Dermatitis, 1991. 25(2): p. 104-7.
45. Menne, T., Relationship between use test and threshold patch test concentration in patients sensitive to 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MCI/MI). Contact Dermatitis, 1991. 24(5): p. 375.
46. Moss, J.N., Kathon CG and cosmetic products [letter; comment]. Contact Dermatitis, 1991. 24(1): p. 77-8.
47. Zemtsov, A., A case of contact allergy to Kathon CG in the United States. Contact Dermatitis, 1991. 25(2): p. 135.
48. Castiglioni, G., et al., Results of routine patch testing of 834 patients in Turin. Contact Dermatitis, 1992. 27(3): p. 182-5.
49. Damstra, R.J., W.A. van Vlotten, and C.J. van Ginkel, Allergic contact dermatitis from the preservative 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (1,2-BIT; Proxel): a case report, its prevalence in those occupationally at risk and in the general dermatological population, and its relationship to allergy to its analogue Kathon CG [see comments]. Contact Dermatitis, 1992. 27(2): p. 105-9.
50. Sanz-Gallen, P., et al., Allergic contact dermatitis due to 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one in paint manufacture. Contact Dermatitis, 1992. 27(4): p. 271-2.
51. Valsecchi, R., et al., Eyelid dermatitis: an evaluation of 150 patients. Contact Dermatitis, 1992. 27(3): p. 143-7.
52. Lucker, G.P., et al., Evaluation of the frequency of contact allergic reactions to Kathon CG in the Maastricht area 1987-1990. Dermatology, 1992. 184(2): p. 90-3.
53. Morren, M.A., et al., Contact allergy to isothiazolinone derivatives: unusual clinical presentations. Dermatology, 1992. 184(4): p. 260-4.
54. Valsecchi, R., et al., Occupational dermatitis from isothiazolinones in the nylon production. Dermatology, 1993. 187(2): p. 109-11
55. Nielsen, H., Occupational exposure to isothiazolinones. A study based on a product register. Contact Dermatitis, 1994. 31(1): p. 18-21.
56. Fischer, T., et al., Skin disease and contact sensitivity in house painters using water-based paints, glues and putties. Contact Dermatitis, 1995. 32(1): p. 39-45.


Author(s):
Allergology: background information on allergens.

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